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Table 2
Some of the significant physical and chemical characteristics of the test fuel samples.
| Property | Unit | Diesel fuel | B100 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Chemical formula | – | C14H25 | C17.60H30.47O2 |
| Density at 15 °C | kg/m3 | 823.1a | 875 |
| Cetane number | – | 53.5*,a | 36.498 |
| Kinematic viscosity at 40 °C | mm2/s | 2.645 | 3.429 |
| Calorific value | kJ/kg | 43850 | 38737 |
| Carbon | wt.% | 87.05 | 77.18 |
| Hydrogen | wt.% | 12.95 | 11.13 |
| Oxygen | wt.% | – | 11.69 |
| Carbon/Hydrogen | – | 6.722 | 6.934 |
| Flash point | °C | 59a | >120 |
| Water content | ppm | 80a | <500 |
| Copper strip corrosion (3 h at 50 °C) | Degree of corrosion | 1A | 1A |
| pH | – | 7.0 | 6.5 |
| Ash content | % (m/m) | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Group I metals (Na + K) | mg/kg | – | 133.1 |
| Group II metals (Ca + Mg) | mg/kg | – | 16.23 |
| Total contamination | mg/kg | <12a | – |
| Acid value | mg KOH/g | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| Linolenic acid methyl ester | % (m/m) | – | 17.84 |
| Polyunsaturated (≥4 double bonds) methyl esters | % (m/m) | – | 0 |
| Saponification value | mg KOH/g | – | 200.616 |
| Iodine value | g I2/100 g | – | 164.482 |
| Cloud point | °C | −8 | −1.56 |
| Cold filter plugging point | °C | −25 a | −7.08 |
| Pour point | °C | −35 | −8.52 |
| Oxidation stability | hour | – | 9.757 |
| P content | mg/kg | – | 90.17 |
| Mn content | mg/kg | – | 0.08 |
| Distillation – 250 °C | % (v/v) | 47.2 a | – |
| Distillation – 350 °C | % (v/v) | 93.9 a | – |
| Distillation – 95% recovered at °C | °C | 355 a | – |
| Sulfur | mg/kg | 5.6 a | – |
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