Table 1

Comparison of floating solar installations on stagnant water bodies and ocean-based floating solar.

Study Location Parameters studied Key findings Advantages Disadvantages Reference
Potential from Specific Water Bodies (USA) USA, Inland Water Bodies Potential energy generation 27% of water bodies hold 10% potential for national power generation High potential for power generation Requires large coverage area [18]
Floating Solar PV on Lake Nasser (Egypt) Lake Nasser, Egypt Stability, efficiency, water conservation Analyses wind/wave impact, evaluates water savings, high energy generation potential High potential for power generation, Reduces water evaporation [4]
Wave Stability of Floating PV (Europe) Water Bodies, European Wave impact on stability Studies wave impact using simulations Limited to technical analysis [19]
Photovoltaic Potential in Spain Inland Waterbodies, Spain Photovoltaic potential 10% coverage meets 31% of energy demand and reduces emissions High potential for power generation Requires large coverage area [20]
Photovoltaic Potential in Brazil Waterbodies, Brazil Photovoltaic potential, wind speed, air temperature, economic analysis 1% coverage generates 12.5% of electricity High potential for power generation Requires large coverage area [21]
Climate Impact on Efficiency (Netherlands & Singapore) Netherlands & Singapore Climate impact on efficiency Floating PV 3–6% more efficient, higher efficiency in tropics Improved efficiency [22]
Societal/Legal Obstacles of FSPV (Thailand) FSPV installations in Thailand Societal and legal obstacles FSPV plants have lower cost and shorter payback period Economically viable [9]
Small-Scale FSPV Installations (Malaysia) FSPV in Malaysia Small-scale installations 16 FSPV systems with 50 MW total capacity identified Limited study on small scale installations [5]
Techno-Economic & Environmental Comparison (Iran) Iran Techno-economic & environmental comparison Floating PV superior to land-based systems, reduces water evaporation High potential for power generation, Reduces water evaporation [23]
Offshore Floating PV Systems (India) India In-depth climate analysis, performance evaluation, cost analysis, carbon emission reduction In-depth analysis for offshore floating PV systems Limited to technical analysis [24]

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