Open Access
Table 5
Analysis of the stability of DC microgrids over various control strategies.
| Case study | Location | Components | Control strategy | Voltage stability (%) | Efficiency (%) | Key findings | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DC microgrid stability analysis | University campus | Solar panels, battery storage | ANFIS | 90 | 72 | Maintained voltage within ±2% under varying loads, superior stability. | [39] |
| Hybrid DC microgrid for smart cities | Urban area | Wind turbines, solar PV, energy storage | ANN | 80 | 68 | Improved voltage response but still vulnerable to sudden fluctuations. | [40, 41] |
| Fuzzy logic control in DC microgrid | Research facility | Solar, battery storage, DC load | Fuzzy Logic | 72 | 64 | Moderate performance; struggled with unpredictable load changes. | [42, 43] |
| Performance of PID controller in DC microgrid | Industrial site | Diesel generators, solar panels | PID | 70 | 60 | Inconsistent voltage; poor performance under load changes. | [44] |
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