Table 3

Performance analysis of various existing approaches in the IEEE 13 bus system.

Particulars Solution techniques
RLF [41] WOA [41] SSA [41] WOA-SSA [41] Proposed approach
Location 675 675 675 675 680, 675, 633
Size (kW) 1913.217 1908.062 1905.825 1919.074 1173, 1273, 839
Total power loss (kW) 74.933 74.943 74.947 74.934 28.9986
PLR (%) 32.5 32.5 32.5 32.5 73.86
Min voltage (p.u.), bus 0.99338, 611 0.99331, 611 0.99329, 611 0.99338, 611 0.98, 611
Max voltage (p.u.), bus 1.0379, 632 1.0379, 632 1.0379, 632 1.0379, 632 1.03, 632
Mean (p.u.) 1.011 1.011 1.011 1.011 1.005
Standard deviation (SD) (p.u.) 0.013075 0.013051 0.013041 0.013075 0.0353

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