Open Access
Table 7
Comparative analysis of different control strategies.
| Metric | Parameter | PID | ANN | FLC | ANFIS (Proposed) | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voltage stability | Voltage deviation (∆V) | ±5 V | ±3 V | ±4 V | ±2 V | [45, 46] |
| Voltage ripple (%) | 5.5% | 3.2% | 4.0% | 1.8% | [47, 48] | |
| Charging efficiency | Charging time (full cycle) | 1.2 h | 1.0 h | 1.1 h | 0.8 h | [49, 50] |
| SoC management | SoC drop during peak load (%) | 70% | 60% | 65% | 55% | [51–53] |
| SoC recovery time (s) | 3.0 s | 1.8 s | 2.5 s | 1.2 s | [54, 55] | |
| Power quality | Power ripple (%) | 5% | 3.5% | 4% | 1.5 | [56, 57] |
| System response | Overshoot (%) | 12% | 6% | 8% | 4% | [58, 59] |
| Settling time (s) | 2.5 s | 1.3 s | 2.0 s | 0.7 s | [60] | |
| Energy utilization | Energy utilization efficiency (%) | 85% | 90% | 88% | 95% | [61, 62] |
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