Table 3
Summary of the numerical setup of the engine simulations.
| CFD solver | CONVERGE 3.0 |
| Simulation type | LES |
| Turbulence model | Dynamic structure |
| Engine speed | 1000 rpm |
| Fuel | E30 |
| Base grid size | 4 mm |
| Minimum grid size | 0.125 mm |
| AMR | Velocity/temperature SGS |
| Combustion model | WSR/TFM/g-eq |
| Laminar flame speed | Tabulated |
| Turbulent flame speed | Pitsch expression |
| Breakdown energy | 20 mJ |
| Glow energy | 86 mJ |
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