Open Access
Table 3
Characteristic properties of neat and waste cooking oil.
| Properties | Unit | Samples |
Mean of WCO | SD of WCO | CV% of WCO | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | A | F | P | |||||
| pH | 7.38 | 5.33 | 6.02 | 5.27 | 6.000 | 0.981 | 16.39 | |
| Water content | % | 34.6 | 47.9 | 29.4 | 36.6 | 37.125 | 7.798 | 21.01 |
| Boiling point | °C | 243 | 237 | 226 | 235 | 235.25 | 7.042 | 2.99 |
| Density | g/cm3 | 902 | 911 | 909 | 902 | 906 | 4.690 | 0.52 |
| Kinematic viscosity@40 °C | mm2/s | 34.35 | 30.5 | 26.48 | 32.9 | 31.058 | 3.440 | 11.08 |
| Flash point | °C | 260 | 256 | 248 | 258 | 255.5 | 5.260 | 2.06 |
| Saponification value | mgKOH/g | 188.9 | 208.9 | 310.63 | 193.7 | 225.53 | 57.37 | 25.44 |
| Ash | % | 0.18 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.33 | 0.158 | 0.128 | 81.37 |
| Protein | % | 5.88 | 1.82 | 2.69 | 1.83 | 3.055 | 1.927 | 63.08 |
| Fat | % | 33.6 | 40.27 | 39.8 | 38.26 | 37.983 | 3.045 | 8.02 |
| Acid value | mgKOH/g | 3.7 | 3.96 | 7.2 | 5.33 | 5.048 | 1.603 | 31.76 |
| FFA | ppm | 49.7 | 26.9 | 21.8 | 30.9 | 32.325 | 12.17 | 37.64 |
| FAME | ppm | 51.94 | 30.119 | 23.37 | 35.48 | 35.227 | 12.19 | 34.61 |
FAME = Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Analysis, FFA = Free Fatty Acid.
Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.
Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.
Initial download of the metrics may take a while.