Table 4

Carbonate composite density calculation process and results.

Sample Composite Oxide Carbonate Li2CO3 Na2CO3
W1 (g) W2 (g) W1 – W2 (g) W3 (g) W4 (g)
LaDC 1.4101 1.2041 0.2060 0.0846 0.1214
SDC 1.4133 1.2131 0.2002 0.0822 0.1180
GDC 1.4281 1.2352 0.1929 0.0792 0.1136
GYDC 1.4064 1.1900 0.2164 0.0889 0.1275

Sample Oxide relative density (%) Composite Oxide Void
V1 (cm3) V2 (cm3) V3 (cm3)

LaDC 66.7 0.2653 0.1770 0.0884
SDC 67.4 0.2641 0.1780 0.0861
GDC 68.4 0.2616 0.1789 0.0827
GYDC 64.8 0.2632 0.1706 0.0926

Sample Li2CO3 Na2CO3 Carbonate Composite density
V4 (cm3) V5 (cm3) V4 + V5 (cm3) (V4 + V5 + V2)/V1 (%)

LaDC 0.0401 0.0480 0.0881 99.7
SDC 0.0390 0.0466 0.0856 99.4
GDC 0.0375 0.0449 0.0825 99.8
GYDC 0.0421 0.0504 0.0925 99.9

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