Regular Article

Assessment of the voltage stability of the power system using stability indices and artificial neural network

¹ Department of Electrical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Siwan, Bihar 841226, India
² Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Patna, Bihar 800005, India
³ Department of Electrical Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College, Ambedkar Nagar 224122, UP, India
⁴ Department of Electrical Engineering, Rajkiya Engineering College, Mainpuri 205001, Uttar Pradesh, India
⁵ Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Nalanda College of Engineering, Chandi, Nalanda 803108, Bihar, India
⁶ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government Engineering College, Siwan, Bihar 841226, India
⁷ Assistant Professor (EE), Department of Science, Technology and Technical Education, Govt. of Bihar, Patna, Bihar 800013, India

^* Corresponding author: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Received: 30 September 2024
Accepted: 26 January 2026

Abstract

Voltage Stability Indicators (VSI) play a significant role in determining the voltage stability of the power system. In order to forecast the voltage instability of the system using voltage stability indicators, this paper presents an implementation of an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based on the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) technique. In this context, the performance of three voltage stability indicators – the Line Voltage Stability Index (LVSI), the Line stability index (Lmn), and the Fast Voltage Stability Indicator (FVSI) are compared. Based on the maximum active power loadability of load buses of the IEEE 14-bus and IEEE 118-bus systems, these indicators are used to assess their vulnerability. The LVSI, Lmn, and FVSI indices obtained from the Newton-Raphson method of the most severe buses of both test systems are compared with the forecasted values by the ANN method under base load to critical loading conditions. The real and reactive power losses of the lines associated with the most severe bus of the systems and totally real and reactive power losses of the systems are forecasted by the MATLAB NN toolbox under wide variations in active power loading. The Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) is used to enhance the voltage of the most severe bus of the system. The outcomes show that the methods for assessing voltage stability using ANN under the variation of the real power demand of the critical bus is highly précised and technically feasible.