Regular Article

Optimal operation of the smart electrical network considering energy management of demand side

¹ Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil Technical Engineering College, Information System Engineering Department, Erbil, Iraq
² Renewable Energy and Materials Laboratory-LERM, Yahia fares University, Medea, Algeria
³ Department of Mathematics and Information Technologies, Tashkent State Pedagogical University, Bunyodkor Avenue, 27, Tashkent, 100070, Uzbekistan
⁴ Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
⁵ Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
⁶ Department of Electrical, Electronics & Electric Vehicle Engineering, NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
⁷ Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Chandigarh Engineering College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
⁸ Department of Computers Techniques Engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
⁹ Department of Computers Techniques engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
¹⁰ Department of Computers Techniques engineering, College of Technical Engineering, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
¹¹ Department of Technology, Al-Nisour University College, Nisour Seq. Karkh, Baghdad, Iraq
¹² Energy Systems Department, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

^* Corresponding author: amjad.ac.ali@gmail.com

Received: 26 September 2024
Accepted: 19 November 2024

Abstract

The smart electrical grid represents a significant advancement in generating, distributing, and consuming electricity. This sophisticated system integrates modern technology and communication tools to enhance energy management efficiency and improve demand costuming within the power network. In this paper, optimal operation of the electrical network with energy management and Demand Response Program (DRP) is implemented. The implementation of the optimal operation is done via multi-stage and multi-objective functions modeling. The DRP modeling is done in first stage to optimal management of consumption in demand side. In second stage, operating cost, emission, power losses and voltage profile are optimized as multi-objective functions modeling with attention to optimal management of consumption in demand side. The solving optimal operation of the electrical network is carried out by using Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO). This problem is implemented on 33-bus test system with hybrid energy resources. Finally, DRP leads to reducing costs, emissions and losses and improving voltage profile in proposed electrical network. Hence, operation costs, emission, power losses, and voltage deviation with the participation of DRP are minimized by 39.15%, 9.94%, 33.35%, and 30.73%, respectively. On the other side, voltage stability is enhanced by 3.66% without considering DRP.