Table 7
Common anchoring and mooring systems for floating solar PV installations [68, 69].
| Type | Description | Applications | Advantages | Disadvantages |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bottom Anchoring | Utilizes dead weights (such as concrete blocks) or helical anchors drilled into the lakebed. | Common in stable water bodies with minimal fluctuations. | Simple design, effective for stability. | Required significant installation effort. |
| Bank Anchoring | Anchors the floating platforms to the bank or shoreline using cables or ropes. | Suitable for reservoirs and lakes with accessible banks. | Easy to install and maintain, reduces material costs. | Limited to areas with suitable bank access. |
| Piled Anchoring | Involves driving piles into the bed of the water body to secure platforms. | Useful in deep waters or areas with strong currents. | Provides strong resistance against waves and wind loads. | Higher installation costs and complexity. |
| Elastic Mooring Systems | Incorporates elastic materials that absorb environmental forces, allowing for movement while maintaining stability. | Effective in dynamic environments with variable conditions. | Reduces stress on components, improves longevity. | Requires careful design to ensure proper elasticity. |
| Sunken Anchors | Heavy anchors placed at the bottom, often combined with ropes or chains for added stability. | Used where water level variations are minimal (less than 1 meter). | Reliable for shallow waters, easy to implement. | Limited effectiveness in deeper waters or strong currents. |
| Counterweight Systems | Utilizes counterweights that can be adjusted to maintain balance and stability of the floating platform. | Ideal for varying water levels and wave action. | Allows flexibility in design and installation. | Requires careful management of counterweight placement. |
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