Table 2
Summary of heat sources and flows in a typical water-cooled data center [17].
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Server water supply temperature | 20–60 °C (standard) 70–75 °C (maximum) |
| Server outflow temperature | 2–5 °C, server temperature rise |
| The water flow rate per rack | 5–10 GPM |
| Temperature difference from water to lid ΔT | 5–18 °C |
| Buffer heat exchanger flow rate | 5–10 GPM |
| Buffer heat exchanger supply temperature above ambient temperature | 3–5 °C above ambient |
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