Open Access
Table 8
Detailed analysis of FS-6390A for both fixed tilt and single-axis tracking at all locations.
| Parameters | Airports |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karachi | Islamabad | Peshawar | Lahore | Quetta | |
| Energy analysis | |||||
| Fixed tilt | |||||
| Reference yield (kWh/kW) | 1960 | 1875 | 1889 | 1743 | 2212 |
| Final yield (kWh/kW) | 1702 | 1648.8 | 1672.4 | 1532 | 1946.6 |
| Performance ratio (%) | 86.84 | 87.94 | 88.53 | 87.89 | 88.00 |
| Capital utilization factor (%) | 19.43 | 18.82 | 19.09 | 17.49 | 22.22 |
| Energy efficiency (%) | 13.68 | 13.85 | 13.95 | 13.85 | 13.87 |
| Single-axis tracking | |||||
| Reference yield (kWh/kW) | 2265 | 2151 | 2124 | 1949 | 2752 |
| Final yield (kWh/kW) | 1972.8 | 1900.6 | 1888.2 | 1720.4 | 2420.8 |
| Performance ratio (%) | 87.10 | 88.36 | 88.90 | 88.27 | 87.97 |
| Capital utilization factor (%) | 22.52 | 21.70 | 21.55 | 19.64 | 27.63 |
| Energy efficiency (%) | 13.72 | 13.92 | 14.00 | 13.90 | 13.86 |
| Exergy analysis | |||||
| Fixed tilt | |||||
| Exergy input (MW) | 39.17 | 53.07 | 55.38 | 44.9 | 51.12 |
| Thermal exergy (MW) | 1.332 | 1.397 | 1.4103 | 1.121 | 1.78 |
| Electrical exergy (MW) | 4.99 | 4.99 | 4.99 | 4.99 | 4.99 |
| Exergy output (MW) | 3.66 | 3.59 | 3.58 | 3.87 | 3.21 |
| Exergy efficiency (%) | 9.35 | 6.78 | 6.47 | 8.63 | 6.29 |
| Single-axis tracking | |||||
| Exergy input (MW) | 45.27 | 60.88 | 62.27 | 50.21 | 63.6 |
| Thermal exergy (MW) | 1.771 | 1.833 | 1.778 | 1.398 | 2.736 |
| Electrical exergy (MW) | 4.994 | 4.995 | 4.995 | 4.995 | 4.995 |
| Exergy output (MW) | 3.222 | 3.161 | 3.216 | 3.595 | 2.258 |
| Exergy efficiency (%) | 7.12 | 5.19 | 5.17 | 7.16 | 3.55 |
| Economic analysis | |||||
| Fixed tilt | |||||
| LCOE ($/kWh) | 0.0429 | 0.0443 | 0.0437 | 0.0477 | 0.0375 |
| Discounted payback (years) | 2.96 | 3.11 | 3.04 | 3.48 | 2.47 |
| Single-axis tracking | |||||
| LCOE ($/kWh) | 0.0381 | 0.0395 | 0.0398 | 0.0437 | 0.0310 |
| Discounted payback (years) | 2.54 | 2.67 | 2.69 | 3.05 | 1.93 |
| Environmental analysis | |||||
| Fixed tilt | |||||
| ENEN (tCO2/year) | 4028 | 3903 | 3958 | 3626 | 4607 |
| EXEN (tCO2/year) | 6328 | 6216 | 6193 | 6693 | 5554 |
| ENENEC ($/year) | 343,628 | 332,964 | 337,656 | 309,334 | 393,023 |
| EXENEC ($/year) | 539,872 | 530,291 | 528,331 | 570,974 | 473,836 |
| Single axis tracking | |||||
| ENEN (tCO2/year) | 4669 | 4499 | 4469 | 4072 | 5730 |
| EXEN (tCO2/year) | 5568 | 5463 | 5558 | 6213 | 3902 |
| ENENEC ($/year) | 398,312 | 383,809 | 381,250 | 347,382 | 488,826 |
| EXENEC($/year) | 474,986 | 466,024 | 474,131 | 530,026 | 332,920 |
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